Stabilizing Iraq will be a lengthy process that won't end when violence in that country — and U.S. troop strength — are reduced, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said Wednesday.
"We're at the beginning of a transition in the Middle East, we're at the beginning of a long process of dealing with what the president called a long time ago a generational challenge to our security brought on by extremism coming principally out of the Middle East," Rice said.
A day before President Bush was expected to announce that he plans to reduce the American troop presence in Iraq by as many as 30,000 by next summer, Rice said the U.S. views the task of stabilizing Iraq as not simply improving security within its borders but "to begin to have American forces in lower numbers turn to other responsibilities." Among those, she said, is "the territorial security of Iraq" with respect to its Mideast neighbors, especially Iran.
"Iran is a very troublesome neighbor," she said on NBC's "Today" show. "Iran is prepared to fill the vacuum" if the United States leaves Iraq.
"That is what is at stake here," Rice said. "What we are prepared to do is to complete the security gains that we've been making, to create circumstances in which an Iraqi government and local officials can find political accommodation, as they are doing in Anbar, and to be able then, from Iraq, with allies in the war on terror, to resist both terrorism and Iranian aggression."
Rice's comments followed two days of testimony from Gen. David Petraeus, the military commander in Iraq, and Ryan Crocker, the U.S. ambassador there. The testimony, though, seemed only to harden positions among lawmakers. GOP conservatives said real progress was finally being made and more time was needed, whereas Democrats said the absence of a political deal in Baghdad meant the strategy failed.
In a joint press conference with Crocker on Wednesday, Petraeus said Iranians appear to be trying to create a like Hezbollah-like organization in Iraq that they could use to gain influence inside the fractured country.
Crocker said he hoped neighbor states in the region will pressure nations like Iran and Syria, which he said have been part of the problem in Iraq rather than part of the solution.
Absent any significant changes in the political landscape, Democrats are where they were before the August recess: without the 60 Senate votes needed to pass anti-war legislation unless they soften their demands.
The Senate was expected to resume debate on the war next week, although party leaders have yet to announce what measures will be put to a vote.
"I don't sense an enhanced sense of skittishness, if that's what you're asking here, on the part of Republican colleagues of mine in the Senate," the party's leader, Sen. Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, told reporters.
In a 15-minute address from the White House at 9 p.m. EDT on Thursday, Bush will endorse the recommendations of his top general and top diplomat in Iraq, following their appearance at two days of hearings in Congress, administration officials told The Associated Press. The White House plans to issue a written status report on the troop buildup on Friday, they said. The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because Bush's speech is not yet final.
Also Friday, the president will travel to a Marine base in Quantico, Va., just outside Washington, to talk further about his Iraq policy, the White House announced. Vice President Dick Cheney will do his part, too, speaking on Iraq on Friday at appearances at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum in Grand Rapids, Mich., and at MacDill Air Force Base in Florida.
While mirroring Petraeus' strategy, Bush will place more conditions on reductions than his general did, insisting that conditions on the ground must warrant cuts and that now-unforeseen events could change the plan.
For their part, Democrats have rallied against the plan.
"We will continue the fight," House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., told ABC's "Good Morning America" on Wednesday. "I always try to find common ground with the president. ... I am asking him to give an explanation to the American people as to why our country should be engaged in a war without end without end, at least a 10 year commitment to the war in Iraq."
Meanwhile, House Republican Leader John Boehner, R-Ohio, arrived in Baghdad on Wednesday along with five other Republicans and Ohio Democrat Charles Wilson.
In a statement provided to reporters, Boehner said he wanted to get a firsthand look at the progress being made in Iraq and was "eager to gain an understanding of how this progress has laid the foundation for the type of national political reconciliation all of us expect to see and quickly."
AP reporters Lolita Baldor and Pauline Jelinek contributed to this report from Washington.